SAiNSCE: Nanotechnology Applications in Energy- Solar/ India & World

A Nanotechnology Company & Network

Nanotechnology in Solar Energy

The Common Man Produces Energy with Applications of Nanotechnology

The challenges in energy sector:

Energy needs have been growing exorbitantly across the globe and across the sectors. The energy needs of the 21st century are going to be definitely higher than ever. But at the same time, they have to be met with qualitatively different sources and processes. The reason is that majority of the present sources of energy are neither clean nor renewable and are depleting progressively. Many of those processes cause heavy damage to the environment. On both accounts, the entire process is not sustainable. There have been efforts to get energy through cleaner and renewable sources (hydro and wind); but they too have locational and mechanical limitations. Moreover the entire demand-supply chain in the energy sector is quite capital intensive, monopolistic and hence cumbersome.

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Potential of Nanotechnology for the Energy Sector:

Nanotechnology has shown the possibility of fulfilling everyone’s dream of getting cheap and clean energy through its strategic applications. Its intersection with energy is going to change the way energy was hitherto being generated, stored, transmitted, distributed and managed. Nanotechnology is particularly going to revolutionize the solar energy sector. The beauty of solar energy is that it can be produced by every house hold on his rooftop or farm. We consume only a fraction of the energy delivered by the Sun. Theoretically; it is possible to convert the rest into usable and transportable energy. If we add into that the potential of energy generated by Sun’s invisible rays (infrared), the potential is really immense. Moreover this energy will be cleaner and sustainable than any of the other energy streams. Because of that possibility, in today’s time, not only energy but clean energy is becoming a huge business in itself. Many of the developments in clean energy revolve around strategic applications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology applications offer more possibilities in solar energy sector than they have been experimented today. The entire technology is in the process of evolution. But one thing is sure: it offers immense potential to harness solar energy.

Nanotechnology in the energy sector: A case study of India

India is an emerging economy. With its faster growth process, its energy requirements are high and increasing day by day. It has to meet its massive energy requirements by all possible sources, preferably the cleaner and renewable ones. It also has to improve its technological and managerial skills to reduce the T & D losses. Practically speaking, energy saved is equal to energy produced, perhaps a more prudent course of action. Thus, India is a market where there is huge potential for energy producing and saving technologies and equipments. With its faster growth process, India needs more and more of the sophistication in its economy, particularly in the energy sector. At the same time, environmental awareness is increasing day by day. People are desperately in search of such technologies that give the required guarantee of energy availability. This too they want without either polluting the environment or without making them entirely dependent on the power producing companies. Solar energy is the answer . Nanotechnology is the answer for getting solar energy made cheaper, cleaner as well as decentralized. The applications of nanotechnology can make India the hub of non renewable energy, particularly the solar energy.

The challenges resolved by Nanotechnology:

Major issues	What Nanotechnology can offer
Conventional Energy is too expensive	Nanotechnology enabled devices have given us the possibility of producing cheap power and enough for every one
Conventional Energy is too centralized	Nano solar cells embedded in flexible plastics will be able to adjust to the shape and terrain of the rooftops and/or could be put into the building materials like tiles and siding. Thus, it will be possible to produce energy at every roof top
Conventional Energy is polluting	Nano energy is clean; cleaner than anything else possible
Solar energy again is too costly	Nanotechnology has added to the possibility of producing solar energy which is cheaper than that from the conventional sources
How will it be stored	Nanotechnology enabled super capacitators will help in local storage of energy
How to reduce wastage of energy: transmission losses.	Nano superconductors will replace current transmission facilities and they will have better performance on this front
The photovoltaic cells that make up most present day solar panels are: Made up of crystalline silicon, which requires clean manufacturing free of dust and airborne microbes Silicon is in short supply and expensive High manufacturing costs lead to high wattage prices	With nanotechnology, tiny solar cells can be printed onto flexible, very thin light-retaining materials, bypassing the cost of silicon production. Thin rolls of highly efficient light-collecting plastics spread across rooftops or built into building materials Nano cells made up of materials, several thousand times smaller than hair, will have more light capturing capabilities. Each nano solar cell will be an energy collector and spread with the plastic sheets will cover large surface areas than photovoltaic cells Nano solar cells made of plastic can turn the sun's power into electrical energy, and they are many times more efficient than present solar cells Flexible sheets of tiny solar cells made by using nano sceince applications may be used to harness the sun's energy and will ultimately provide a cheaper, more efficient source of energy By integrating applications of nanoscience "solar farms" may be created which consist of the plastic material with solar cells which can be rolled across deserts to generate energy
What are further possibilities	Nanotubes: because of their structure, exhibit electrical and optical properties, which help in the absorption of solar energy and its conversion to electrical energy Nano particles like quantum dots with a polymer to make the plastic can detect energy in the infrared solar rays. This will strategically capture more solar energy Nanotechnology also enables production of solar cell glass that will not only generate energy, but also act as windows in future houses and commercial buildings. While it captures solar energy to power the building it also reduces overheating of the house thereby reducing the need for cooling Dye-sensitized Nano solar cells using photo sensitive dye which do not require costly and large-scale production equipment

What SAiNSCE is doing:

SAiNSCE is abreast of the developments in the sector, particularly the solar cells of all kinds and dimensions. It is already exploring the markets for some of those devices in the Indian market.

What SAiNSCE is planning:

Our ultimate goal is to manufacture the nanotechnology enabled devices which make solar energy easily available and efficiently usable to the users.

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Strategic Applications Integrating Nano Science (SAiNSCE)

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